The late 19th to early 20th centuries marked a transformative period for Cretan archaeology, shifting from myth to the discovery of the Minoan civilization.

Strict ban on unauthorized campervan stays, especially coasts/forests/sites, enforced with €300 fines and vehicle removal by authorities.

British SOE's Operation Landmark, led by Patrick Leigh Fermor and W. Stanley Moss, initially targeted General Müller but shifted to General Kreipe in 1944 Crete. A joint Anglo-Cretan team abducted Kreipe on April 26, bluffed through checkpoints, and evaded capture for weeks across the Psiloritis mountains, relying heavily on Cretan resistance networks in villages like Anogeia and the Amari Valley. Extracted May 14, the operation boosted Allied morale but led to severe German reprisals under Müller in August, including the razing of Anogeia and the Kedros Holocaust.