Orne is a small village situated in the Agios Vassilios municipality, within the Rethymno regional unit on the island of Crete, Greece. The village is located at an altitude of 300 meters, nestled in the southeastern foothills of Mount Kentros. It is approximately 49 kilometers away from the city of Rethymno.
Historical Context
The area surrounding Orne has been inhabited since the Minoan period (2600-1100 BC), evidenced by the discovery of an acropolis and settlement from the Bronze Age at the “Kastellos” site, northeast of the village. Additionally, a Minoan tholos tomb was found at the “Livada” location. Other Minoan artifacts, such as tombs with sarcophagi and a bronze axe, have been unearthed in various areas around Orne and are now housed in the Archaeological Museum of Rethymno.
The village itself is first mentioned in historical records in 1577 as “Ornea” in the province of Agios Vassilios. Subsequent Venetian and Ottoman censuses document the village’s existence and population throughout the following centuries.
Village Life and Landmarks
The name “Orne” is derived from the Greek word for a wild fig tree, “erineos” or “orneos.” This suggests that the area was once abundant with these trees, which played a vital role in the pollination of cultivated fig trees.
The village features a central square where the parish church of Panagia Orniani (dedicated to the Dormition of the Theotokos) and the old school building are located. The church, likely built during the Venetian period, boasts an elegant bell tower.
Another significant landmark is the old church of Archangel Michael, dating back to the 14th century. It houses numerous frescoes and is associated with a miracle known as the “Miracle at Chonai,” commemorating an event where the Archangel Michael saved a church from being flooded.
Orne lake
The seasonal lake of Orne, situated northeast of the village, forms during the winter months due to the influx of water from the surrounding springs and the snowmelt from Mount Kentros. The lake creates a picturesque landscape amidst the olive groves, attracting visitors and providing a habitat for various wildlife. However, it dries up completely during the summer, leaving behind a dry expanse.
Selinara waterfall
Orne also boasts a unique natural feature – the Selinara Waterfall. Located just a few meters before the village, this impressive waterfall is part of a series of cascading waterfalls on the southern slopes of Mount Kedros. Fed by numerous springs at higher altitudes, the Selinara Waterfall flows abundantly during the winter and spring months, creating a spectacular sight visible from the road leading to Orne. The surrounding area is home to other waterfalls as well, formed by the rivers that encounter the Kedros fault line. While reaching the waterfalls requires a challenging climb up the steep slopes, the reward is a breathtaking view of the 20-meter-high main waterfall, nestled within a rocky alcove.
Population and Current Status
Orne has experienced a significant decline in population over the years. In 1940, it had its peak population of 158 residents. However, the 2011 census recorded only 20 inhabitants, and by 2014, only 11 permanent residents remained.
Despite the dwindling population, some young people have returned to Orne in recent years, cultivating their family lands and bringing new life to the village.
Village Key Points
- Historical References: First mentioned in 1577 as Ornea.
- Location: Southeastern foothills of Mount Kentros, Agios Vassilios municipality, Rethymno, Crete.
- Historical Significance: Evidence of Minoan settlement and activity.
- Population data over the years: Peak population of 158 in 1940, significant decline to 20 in 2011, and only 11 permanent residents in 2014.
- Current Status: A small village with a dwindling population, but with some signs of revitalization due to the return of young people.
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