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Castel del Corner
The Castello del Corner, or Fortress of Kornaron, stands on Kastellos hill near Katalagari, Crete. Tradition attributes its construction to Nikephoros Phokas in 961 AD, following the Arab expulsion. During Venetian rule, it served as a fiefdom for the Corner family, linked to the famed poet Vitsentzos Kornaros. The rectangular fortress, with a 5.5-meter high wall, spans approximately 50 acres, and features Minoan-era wine presses and the church of Zoodochos Pigi. Ruins include wall remnants and possible cisterns, reflecting its role in Malvasia wine production. Restoration efforts have stabilized parts of the perimeter wall.
Melissa Fortress
Melissa Fortress, near Agios Thomas, Crete, offers panoramic views of valleys. Built in the 11th century during the Byzantine Komnenian period, it controlled strategic routes. The site features a central tower-like structure, perimeter walls, and the well-preserved Zoodochos Pigi chapel, possibly a former monastery. The ruins indicate a pentagonal layout, with a small settlement, Melissa, existing nearby. Historical records note its presence in Venetian and Turkish documents, though it was not utilized or maintained by the Venetians, leading to its abandonment. The ruins reveal a glimpse into Byzantine era fortifications and regional control.
Castel Nuovo (Kasteli Messara)
Castel Nuovo, a 1206 Genoese fortress, stands in ruins on Psilo Kasteli, near Phaistos, Crete. Constructed by Enrico Pescatore, its strategic hill location offered views of Messara. Built on the ancient Aina site, it played a role in Cretan revolts against Venetian rule, including the Two Syvritos (1230-1236) and Kallergis (1363-1367) revolts. The fortress, also briefly reoccupied during the Cretan War (1645-1669), is the namesake of Kainourgiou province. Today, wall and cistern remnants mark the historical landmark, offering insights into Venetian-era Crete.
Koules in Vathiako
Explore the Koules in Vathiako, a ruined Ottoman fortress in Crete, and learn about its role in controlling the island and protecting the Muslim village
Koules in Magarikari
The Koules of Grammeni, also known as the Koules of Grigoria or Magarikari, is an Ottoman fortress in Crete, Greece. Built in the late 19th century during the Great Cretan Revolution (1866-1869), it was strategically positioned between the villages of Grigoria and Magarikari overlooking the Messara Plain. Measuring 25 meters by 11 meters, with 24 embrasures, it was used as a stronghold by the Ottomans to maintain control over the rebellious Cretan population. In May 1944, it provided refuge to the villagers of Magarikari during the German occupation. Today, the Koules of Grammeni stands as a well-preserved reminder of Crete's turbulent past and the island's enduring spirit.