Located on Crete's northwest coast, this city boasts continuous habitation since Neolithic times on Kastelli hill, site of Minoan Kydonia. Its rich history layers Minoan, Greek, Roman, Byzantine, Arab, Venetian, and Ottoman periods. Known as "Venice of the East" during Venetian rule, which saw the construction of the iconic harbor, lighthouse, Firkas Fortress, and extensive fortifications. The Ottoman era added mosques and baths. It served as the capital of the autonomous Cretan State (1898-1913) and was central to the Battle of Crete (1941). The Old Town preserves Venetian and Ottoman architecture, while Halepa features Neoclassical buildings. Cultural traditions include Cretan music (lyra), dance, and cuisine. Museums like the Archaeological, Maritime, and Byzantine Collection preserve its diverse heritage.